April 15, 1989. FA Cup semi-final between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield. Ninety-six reds fans die from asphyxiation and / or crushed by being caught between a flood of people and the fence of one of the stands. 23 years later we finally know who then claimed by the police, the Hillsborough Disaster was only because of the fans, not the truth. But first things first.
In the year 89 English football was in full compliance with the punishment of five years without competing in international tournaments imposed by UEFA following the Heysel Stadium tragedy. On May 29, 1985, in the run to the final of the European Cup between Liverpool and Juventus, Reds fans invaded the stands that separated them from the Italian tifosi, causing panic collective, avalanche and therefore, ultimately, death of 39 people, most of them amateurs juventinos.
Building on this background and completely overwhelmed by the magnitude of the disaster, police in Sheffield or blamed the fans of Liverpool of the 96 deaths in Hillsborough. The explanation was that simple: the hooligans, maddened by his habitual heavy drinking had caused a rush to enter the stadium with the consequences already known. To prove this charge leaked to The Sun a series of reports of a monstrous gravity: the Liverpool supporters had not only caused nearly a hundred deaths, but then had engaged in urinating over the police and, after what happened , in an act of incomprehensible inhumanity, had come to steal the belongings of the victims of their own pockets. Behold the front page: 
A police investigation by the Thatcher government was given shelved in a year. The only truth, The Truth and The Sun said, was the above: guilt had been exclusively of reds fans cruel and heartless. Soon out discordant voices: the survivors of the tragedy exhaustively assertion denied by the police, but the background of Heysel, nobody seemed willing to believe them. But those who were there and saved their lives, with families and friends of the dead, and by extension, all reds fans, refused to accept it.
Under the slogan Justice for the 96, the fans of Liverpool has been more than two decades fighting to clear his name until, under the auspices of Bishop James Jones, who opened a new investigation that clarification of what happened. Thanks to social pressure and having collected more than 140,000 signatures of support, the British Government agreed to bypass the limitation of the 30 years needed to make public confidential documents and gave the green light to research.
The independent commission created to use studied over 450,000 pages with reports of all kinds. The findings were presented in the House of Lords by Prime Minister David Cameron, after which he stepped forward and apologized to the victims on behalf of the Government:
- "Neither the police nor the ambulance service metropolitan South Yorkshire activated the process of serious incidents. Communications between all emergency services were vague and poorly expressed, leading to the delay, misunderstanding and failure in the deployment of police to take control and coordinate the emergency response. "
- "The transcripts of the control system shows that ambulance service officials, present specifically to respond to a major incident only to control masses, were slower than the police to identify and realize the seriousness of the flood ".
- "The released documents show clear evidence of repeated failures in leadership and coordination of the emergency response."
- According to forensic investigations, 41 of the 96 deaths may have been able to survive having received adequate attention. The post-mortem reports have found that 28 of the victims were not obstructing blood, and that 31 of them had evidence that his heart and lungs continued to function after the avalanche. Therefore, the state of suffocation of many of those killed was reversible.

- Police and emergency services in South Yorkshire (county belonging to Sheffield) made "strenuous efforts" to avoid culpability in the tragedy.
- In the 1990 report were altered evidence demonstrating the many mistakes of the police in controlling the access to the stadium and react when the occurred. The report states that police in Sheffield, seeing that he would finish in time to get all the fans, doors opened without proper control, triggering the start of the avalanche.
- 116 of the 164 witness statements were directly censored or removed to hide the accusations poured them on policing. The plan to blame the fans came to the following:
- Breath tests were performed on all the dead and some of the survivors, which included children as young as 10 years old. These tests were hidden and later removed.
- From the first hours after the tragedy, police investigated criminal records of victims, especially those which could not taste the alcohol in a clear "attempt to tarnish the reputation of the deceased."
Incredible but true: alcohol tests in children and dead, criminal background investigation, witness statements censored, tampering with evidence ... All this while police leaked to a tabloid true aberrations as those brought on Tap The Sun. Twenty years of lies as unjustifiable and unforgivable.
Many have been involved now have rushed apologized, including David Compton, current head of South Yorkshire Police, or Kevin McKenzie, then editor of The Sun and primarily responsible for the emetic cover. They twenty-three years later, as this cover of The Sun with what they now call "The Real Truth".
After learning the new findings, the association of victims ( Hillsboroug Family Support Group ) has asked the Attorney General to reopen the case recently in response to known information.
In conclusion, it is clear that what happened in Hillsborough something had to watch the behavior of fans. But they were not the only ones to blame, not even the main culprits of the tragedy reached such dimensions, with 96 deaths.
Emergency services and police were unable to react or gauge the severity of the incident and, a posteriori, wanted to hide their responsibility, covering up their failures and orchestrating a plan to blame the fans, which sought to present as a pack drunks and criminals.
Two decades after football, and everything around him has changed a lot. To best. But still there (and possibly still exist) cases that mourn. Whether it's the ultra violence (remember Aitor Zabaleta), by the failure of the security forces ( Tragedy of Port Said ) or, directly, by an abuse of the police force (as happened recently in the death of Inigo Cabacas ). At least today, finally, there has been justice for the 96.
Via | The Country
More Info | What exactly did happen on 15th April 1989? , official website of Hillsboroug Family Support Group
In NDF | The Tragedy of Port Said: football as fuel chaos
In NDF | Íñigo Cabacas died abuse of police force